What is the difference between labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis?

The term “labyrinthitis” is often mistakenly used to describe vestibular neuritis. However, they are two different conditions. Labyrinthitis is actually far less common than vestibular neuritis.

Labyrinthitis

Symptoms

• Vertigo (lasting 2 to 3 weeks)
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Hearing loss in the affected ear
• Tinnitus

The infection often disappears on its own, stopping the vertigo.

Causes

Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the labyrinth in the inner ear or, less commonly, the vestibular nerve. It is almost always caused by a viral infection, although in rare cases a bacterial infection may be the cause.

Vestibular neuritis

Symptoms

• Vertigo (lasting a few days)
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Symptoms will gradually decrease until they disappear. In the following months, loss of balance may occur with certain movements.

Causes

Vestibular neuritis is an inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which receives information about—and helps maintain—balance. The infection usually occurs in one ear only.

Risk of reoccurrence

Both labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis are unlikely to reoccur. After a labyrinthitis, the immune system produces antibodies that prevent the virus from returning. Vestibular neuritis generally only happens once; there is no reoccurrence in 95% of cases.

If similar symptoms reappear, it is recommended to check whether they are being caused by another type of infection or illness. We advise you to always consult an ENT doctor or your doctor if you are experiencing vertigo. An audiologist can also guide you.